Sounds like a wiring fault. The Raystar 120 can be wired in two different modes, NMEA and Seatalk1. In your setup it would be wired as Seatalk1 unit, with Red, Yellow and Screen wires connected to the matching Seatalk colours and the green and brown wires not connected.
Could also be the cable is pinched/shorted/melted somewhere, so test it, or if the new unit came with a spare cable, just hook that up to the new unit and directly to the plotter with nothing else on the bus (you still need to power it).